高考英语短文改错真题(高考英语改错题答题技巧是什么以及怎样提高)

2024-05-04 19:28:07

一、先通读全文。认真阅读短文,在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。根据短文大意和上下文逻辑关系,对文章进行逐字逐句的分析,检查句子的结构是否完整,语气是否连贯等等。 二、综合运用所学语言知识,根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题(即改词、加词或减词)。在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类:\x0d\1. 名词单复数用错,可数与不可数名词的混用。大多数短文改错都会有此类的错误。\x0d\如:they take him lots of good book and fresh fruit.(2009.陕西卷) 此处book改为books. book前用lots of修饰,应用复数。\x0d\2. 动词:时态和语态,常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时,中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后无宾语,或是不及物动词后加了宾语;需要接ing形式的接了to,或相反等。\x0d\如:The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school were gone.(2009全国卷I)把were改为are。根据上文可知饭店和鱼店消失都陈述的是现在的情况。\x0d\3. 形容词副词:常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反;关系副词where, when, why等的缺失或错用。\x0d\如:He has a comfortable room, patiently nurses, and a great deal of time to read. (2009.陕西卷)此处patiently改为 patient.修饰名词nurses,用形容词。\x0d\4. 介词:主要是介词的多余或缺失,错用。这一部分需要平时多多积累,弄清常用介词的搭配。\x0d\5. 主谓一致性:第三人称单数漏掉s,或主语为复数,谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。\x0d\6. 冠词:定冠词the的多余或缺失,如季节,月份,星期,球类及三餐活动,称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the,或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the;a, an的混用,特别注意:hour, honest等虽然首字母不是元音字母,但其发音却是以元音素开头,故用an,而useful, university, European, one—hour等虽然首字母是元音字母,但却以辅音音素开头,故用a。\x0d\如1:and sports center has been built in their place. (2009全国卷I)在此sports前应加a。 sports center是可数名词单数,表示不确定。\x0d\如1:The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through. (2009浙江卷)在此a改为an;由umbrella的发音可知以元音因素开头,应用an。\x0d\7. 数词:主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用,如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等,基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of,几千thousands of漏掉了s,或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数,如seven hundred,写作seven hundreds。\x0d\8. 连词:不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so),或相反等等。\x0d\例1: This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to somebody else.(2009.浙江卷)在此and改为but,前后构成转折,用but。\x0d\9. 代词:主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词,单数用了复数代词或相反;应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格,主格或相反,关系代词的错用或缺失。如只能用that引导的用了其它,或在不能用that的地方却用了that,或是在“介词+关系代词”结构中漏掉了介词等。\x0d\例1:The factory has been moved out of the city, and a sports center has been built in their place. (2009全国卷I) 此处their 改为 its。 因为前文中提到了名词The factory是单数,因此把their改为its。\x0d\例2:one day I saw a second—hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan.(2009辽宁卷)把that改为which,非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时只能用which不能用that。\x0d\10. 常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错。\x0d\例:It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expecting anything in return.(2009浙江卷)在possible后加to。由 It is/was possible(或其他形容词)+ to do sth.固定句型决定。\x0d\三、验证答案。改完后,要回过头来重读一遍全文,查看改过后是否能使语气通顺,时态一致,合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力,仔细推敲,使答案更加准确。因为有时就一个句子来看可能在两个地方修改都说地过去,但在上下文中可能只能在一处修改才正确。

《高中英语语法-短文改错中的“画蛇添足”》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86.com。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。

短文改错中的?画蛇添足?

高考短文改错中,其中一项为去掉多余的词,考生很难把握,现将常出现的几种情况归纳如下:

一。语意重复

准确把握词汇的确切含义是避免语意重复的关键。下面各句画线部分属于意义上的重复,应去掉。

1. I'll spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. (NMET2000)

2. When I returned back , I found he was not in.

3. It's a very good company and how I enjoy working here very much .

4. How are you getting well with the work?

5. One man was so brave enough to put a big snake around his neck.

常见语意重复的现象有: think over ( 仔细考虑 ) (carefully), walk (on foot), advance (forward), renew (again), master ( 精通 ) (well), improve (better), raise (up), be about to do (at once), repeat (again), sink ( 下沉 ) (down), another ( 有,再 ) (more), leave (away), gather/collect (together), unite /combine ( 联合,团结 ) (together), meet ( 会合 ) (together), (still) remain, (more) perfect, repay (back), maybe (may), alone ( 独自 ) (by oneself), about/around/round ( 大约 ) (or so), etc. 括号里的单词都与它前(后)面的词重复,应去掉。

二。多余的介词。

1 .受汉语的影响在一些及物动词后面添加多余的介词。下面各句中画线部分属于这种情况。

We must serve for the people heart and soul.

John married with Alice last year.

salute to ( 向?致敬 ), greet to ( 向?问好 ), visit to ( 访问,参观 ), enter into ( 进入 ), advertise for ( 为?作广告 ), discuss about ( 讨论有关?的情况 ), fight against ( 与?作斗争 ), flee from ( 逃离 ), fit for ( 合适,适合 ) 等结构中介词都是多余的。

2 .时间名词前面有 this, that, last, next, every, each, one, some, all, any 以及 yesterday, today, tomorrow 时,前面无须用介词 in, on, at . time 表示?次数?时,前面也不用介词。

In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year. (NMET1996)

I won't be able to come in this time. (NMET2000)

We practise for three times every week and often watch football match on TV. (NMET1998)

3 .副词前一般不用介词( from 除外),容易出错的副词有: upstairs, downstairs, there, home, abroad 和用作副词的方位词(如: south, north, east, west, etc. )以及以 -ward 结尾的副词(如: southward, northward, eastward, forward, backward, etc. )。

He is going to go to abroad to settle.

He didn't know there she had gone to .

Jose played his guitar and sang in wherever he could.

The house faces to south.

三。非谓语动词和定语从句中多余的宾语。下面各句画线部分属于多余的宾语。

1. The film is worth seeing it . (see 的宾语是 the film ,因此不需要再加 it . )

2. The box is too heavy for me to carry it . (carry 的宾语是 the box ,因此不需再加 it . )

I have read the novel twice which you are talking about it . ( 如果关系代词 which, that, who(m) ,在从句中充当宾语,动词后不需再加 it . )

四。动词不定式符号 to 的多余。

?, the librarian will write to you, and let you to know when the book you want has been returned. (NMET1994)

?, all planned and written by grown-ups make children to want things that they don't really need. (2003 北京春招 )

He had nothing to do but to make a living by begging.

感官动词、使役动词后面的宾语补足语不用 to do 的形式,而是用动词原形; but 用作介词,若其前的句子中含有实义动词 do 时,作宾语的动词不定式不带 to; why not, had better, would rather, rather than 后接动词原形;不定式作表语时,如果主语部分含 do 的各种形式,那么作表语的不定式前不带 to; can not but, cannot help but 后接动词原形。

五。多余的连词。

英语的复合句只需一个连词,连接主句与从句,并说明二者之间的关系。

1. They believe that the spirit stays with the body for 3 days, so during which someone is ?always? with the dead person.

2. Though we still find it difficult to learn the language, but we've made up our minds to learn it well.

3. There are a lot of islands in China, and the largest of which is Taiwan.

六。多余的冠词。

1. advice, music, fun, information, luggage, weather, furniture 属于绝对的不可数名词,因此前面不用 a/an .

2. 下列情况名词前不用冠词:

(1)man/mankind( 人类 ), nature ( 自然,自然界 ), word ( 消息,音信 ), room ( 空间 ), space ( 空间,太空 )

(2)as 引导让步状语从句时。

(3) 表示独一无二的官衔、职务作表语、同位语、补足语时。

(4)turn, go 后作表语的名词。

(5) 不带有修饰性词语的一日三餐的名词前。

( 错 )He has turned a doctor.

( 正 )He has turned doctor.

( 错 )A child as he is, he knows a lot about English.

( 正 )Child as he is, he knows a lot about English.

以上是笔者根据近年来高考试题和各地联考试卷中总结出的有关多词的几种常见现象。考生在学习和复习的过程中,要处处留心,注意知识的积累,更重要的是要加强基础知识的训练,准确把握词意、词的搭配及习惯用法,做题时才能得心应手。 《高中英语语法-短文改错中的“画蛇添足”》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86.com

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